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WORD-OF-THE-MONTH ARCHIVE - 2006
Posted February 2006. Definition 1 from the "Project Resource Manual - CSI Manual of Practice" 2005 McGraw-Hill. Definition 2 from Legal Aspects of Architecture, Engineering and the Construction Process – Fifth Edition. 1994 by West Publishing Company
Float:
1. The amount of extra time available to an activity when all activities begin as early as possible. Free float is uniquely available to an activity, while total float is the accumulation of the entire free float in a project.
2. The number of days each noncritical path activity can be delayed before the total project is affected. Also know as “slack time.”
Posted March 2006. Legal Aspects of Architecture, Engineering and the Construction Process – Fifth Edition. 1994 by West Publishing Company
Bid Bond:
A bid bond is to provide the owner with a financially responsible party who will pay all or a portion of the damages caused if the bidder to whom a contract is awarded refuses to enter into it.
Performance Bond:
A performance bond rovides a financially responsible party to stand behind some aspects of the contractor’s performance. If a payment bond is furnished, the performace bond will not include payment of subcontractors, their suppliers, and suppliers of the prime contractor.
Bonds usually place a designated dollar limit on the surety’s liability. Typically, bond limits are 50% or 100% or the contract price. Some statutory bonds are required to be 50% or the contract price.
Payment Bond:
Payment bonds are an undertaking by the surety to pay unpaid subcontractors and suppliers. Payment bonds are one method to avoid liens. It obligates the the surety to pay subcontractors and suppliers if they are not paid by the prime contractor.
Posted June 2006. "Project Resource Manual - CSI Manual of Practice" 2005 McGraw-Hill. Page 3-11
Liquidated Damages :
Liquidated damages are usually a fixed monetary amount per day, deducted from monies due the contractor for failure to substantially complete the work within a stipulated time or by a stated calendar date. Some form of documentation is desirable to substantiate the potential loss from delay of completion. If the amount for liquidated damages is not based upon financial loss and is an excessive arbitrary amount, disproportionate to the value of the performance, it might be considered a penalty and become unenforceable. Penalties may be considered unreasonable if a dispute results from the claim of failure to complete. Other causes, such as unusual weather conditions, may create claims for change in the contract time.
Posted October 2006. Pultrustion Industry Council website (http://www.acmanet.org/pic/products/description.htm)
Pultrustion:
Pultrusion is a manufacturing process for producing continuous lengths of FRP structural shapes. Raw materials include a liquid resin mixture (containing resin, fillers and specialized additives) and reinforcing fibers. The process involves pulling these raw materials (rather than pushing as is the case in extrusion) through a heated steel forming die using a continuous pulling device. The reinforcement materials are in continuous forms such as rolls of fiberglass mat or doffs of fiberglass roving. As the reinforcements are saturated with the resin mixture ("wet-out") in the resin impregnator and pulled through the die, the gelation (or hardening) of the resin is initiated by the heat from the die and a rigid, cured profile is formed that corresponds to the shape of the die.
Posted December 2006. ARCOM Supporting Documents. These documents are furnished as part of the licensing subscription to MasterSpec.
Cast Stone Masonry
Cast Stone Masonry is defined by the Cast Stone Institute and in ASTM C 1364 as architectural precast concrete building units intended to simulate natural cut stone. Cast stone is distinguished from other architectural precast concrete by its size, masonry- or stone-sized units rather than panels, and its finish that is intended to simulate stone rather than look like concrete. Cast stone is usually made with more carefully graded aggregate and less water than most architectural precast concrete, giving it a higher compressive strength, lower water absorption, and a more void-free surface than most architectural precast concrete.
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